Before engaging in a detailed analysis of Fresno PD patrol activity as outlined in the research plan, we created this descriptive analysis to explore overall trends in the Fresno RIPA data. This helps us determine if our expected findings are likely to show up in the data and allows us to identify any trends we did not expect. We include basis tallies on each of the following:

Stops overview

Number and Rate of Officer-Initiated Stops vs. Calls for Service

In 2022, there were a total of 5,317 police stops made by Fresno PD. Of those stops, 5,028 were officer-initiated stops and 289 were calls for service.

In 2022, 94.6%_ of Fresno Police Department stops were officer initiated stops while only 5.4% of stops were calls for service.

Total number of people stopped

In 2022, Fresno PD stopped a total of 5,060 people through Officer-Initiated Stops.

Demographics

Race

Officer-Initiated Stops by the Fresno Police Department disproportionately target Latinx residents.

Age

Individuals aged 25-34 experienced the highest rates of Officer-Initiated Stops by Fresno PD in the year 2022.

Gender

In the year 2022, Males account for nearly 57% of Officer-Initiated Stops by Fresno PD.

Race by age

In all age groups except for 55-64 and 65 and older, Latinx individuals make up nearly 50% or more of the Officer-Initiated Stops by Fresno PD.

In 2022, White individuals within the age groups of 55-64 and 65 and older were the most frequently stopped during Officer-Initiated Stops by Fresno PD.

Officer-Initiated Stops in 2022 by Race and Age

Age Group

Race

Total

Count

Percent

17 and under

Latinx

66

34

51.5

17 and under

Asian

66

2

3.0

17 and under

Black

66

4

6.1

17 and under

SSWANA

66

5

7.6

17 and under

White

66

21

31.8

18-24

Latinx

1,178

683

58.0

18-24

AIAN

1,178

1

0.1

18-24

Asian

1,178

47

4.0

18-24

Black

1,178

106

9.0

18-24

Multiracial

1,178

2

0.2

18-24

SSWANA

1,178

88

7.5

18-24

White

1,178

251

21.3

25-34

Latinx

1,744

903

51.8

25-34

AIAN

1,744

1

0.1

25-34

Asian

1,744

82

4.7

25-34

Black

1,744

232

13.3

25-34

NHPI

1,744

1

0.1

25-34

SSWANA

1,744

140

8.0

25-34

White

1,744

385

22.1

35-44

Latinx

992

493

49.7

35-44

AIAN

992

1

0.1

35-44

Asian

992

45

4.5

35-44

Black

992

105

10.6

35-44

NHPI

992

1

0.1

35-44

SSWANA

992

72

7.3

35-44

White

992

275

27.7

45-54

Latinx

579

283

48.9

45-54

AIAN

579

1

0.2

45-54

Asian

579

23

4.0

45-54

Black

579

62

10.7

45-54

Multiracial

579

2

0.3

45-54

SSWANA

579

33

5.7

45-54

White

579

175

30.2

55-64

Latinx

323

117

36.2

55-64

Asian

323

14

4.3

55-64

Black

323

40

12.4

55-64

SSWANA

323

20

6.2

55-64

White

323

132

40.9

65 and older

Latinx

178

52

29.2

65 and older

Asian

178

8

4.5

65 and older

Black

178

22

12.4

65 and older

SSWANA

178

8

4.5

65 and older

White

178

88

49.4

Race by age and gender

Rate and count of perceived gender and age of people stopped within each perceived racial group

In 2022, Latinx individuals aged 24-35, both Male and Female, were the most frequently stopped by Fresno PD during Officer-Initiated Stops.

In 2022, more than 40% of Latinx males 17 and under were stopped by Fresno PD through an Officer-Initiated Stop.

Officer-Initiated Stops Over Time by Age Group, Race, and Gender

Age Group

Race

Gender

Total

Count

Percent

17 and under

Latinx

Male

66

27

40.9

17 and under

Latinx

Female

66

7

10.6

17 and under

Asian

Male

66

1

1.5

17 and under

Asian

Female

66

1

1.5

17 and under

Black

Male

66

4

6.1

17 and under

SSWANA

Male

66

3

4.5

17 and under

SSWANA

Female

66

2

3.0

17 and under

White

Male

66

11

16.7

17 and under

White

Female

66

10

15.2

18-24

Latinx

Male

1,178

431

36.6

18-24

Latinx

Female

1,178

249

21.1

18-24

Latinx

Transgender Woman/Girl

1,178

1

0.1

18-24

Latinx

Gender Nonconforming

1,178

2

0.2

18-24

AIAN

Male

1,178

1

0.1

18-24

Asian

Male

1,178

28

2.4

18-24

Asian

Female

1,178

19

1.6

18-24

Black

Male

1,178

63

5.3

18-24

Black

Female

1,178

43

3.7

18-24

Multiracial

Male

1,178

1

0.1

18-24

Multiracial

Female

1,178

1

0.1

18-24

SSWANA

Male

1,178

69

5.9

18-24

SSWANA

Female

1,178

19

1.6

18-24

White

Male

1,178

135

11.5

18-24

White

Female

1,178

115

9.8

18-24

White

Gender Nonconforming

1,178

1

0.1

25-34

Latinx

Male

1,744

485

27.8

25-34

Latinx

Female

1,744

418

24.0

25-34

AIAN

Female

1,744

1

0.1

25-34

Asian

Male

1,744

44

2.5

25-34

Asian

Female

1,744

38

2.2

25-34

Black

Male

1,744

121

6.9

25-34

Black

Female

1,744

111

6.4

25-34

NHPI

Male

1,744

1

0.1

25-34

SSWANA

Male

1,744

119

6.8

25-34

SSWANA

Female

1,744

21

1.2

25-34

White

Male

1,744

181

10.4

25-34

White

Female

1,744

202

11.6

25-34

White

Gender Nonconforming

1,744

2

0.1

35-44

Latinx

Male

992

286

28.8

35-44

Latinx

Female

992

206

20.8

35-44

Latinx

Transgender Man/Boy

992

1

0.1

35-44

AIAN

Male

992

1

0.1

35-44

Asian

Male

992

26

2.6

35-44

Asian

Female

992

19

1.9

35-44

Black

Male

992

54

5.4

35-44

Black

Female

992

51

5.1

35-44

NHPI

Male

992

1

0.1

35-44

SSWANA

Male

992

42

4.2

35-44

SSWANA

Female

992

30

3.0

35-44

White

Male

992

129

13.0

35-44

White

Female

992

146

14.7

45-54

Latinx

Male

579

149

25.7

45-54

Latinx

Female

579

134

23.1

45-54

AIAN

Male

579

1

0.2

45-54

Asian

Male

579

14

2.4

45-54

Asian

Female

579

9

1.6

45-54

Black

Male

579

38

6.6

45-54

Black

Female

579

24

4.1

45-54

Multiracial

Male

579

1

0.2

45-54

Multiracial

Female

579

1

0.2

45-54

SSWANA

Male

579

24

4.1

45-54

SSWANA

Female

579

9

1.6

45-54

White

Male

579

79

13.6

45-54

White

Female

579

96

16.6

55-64

Latinx

Male

323

74

22.9

55-64

Latinx

Female

323

43

13.3

55-64

Asian

Male

323

8

2.5

55-64

Asian

Female

323

6

1.9

55-64

Black

Male

323

24

7.4

55-64

Black

Female

323

16

5.0

55-64

SSWANA

Male

323

16

5.0

55-64

SSWANA

Female

323

4

1.2

55-64

White

Male

323

68

21.1

55-64

White

Female

323

64

19.8

65 and older

Latinx

Male

178

27

15.2

65 and older

Latinx

Female

178

25

14.0

65 and older

Asian

Male

178

5

2.8

65 and older

Asian

Female

178

3

1.7

65 and older

Black

Male

178

13

7.3

65 and older

Black

Female

178

9

5.1

65 and older

SSWANA

Male

178

6

3.4

65 and older

SSWANA

Female

178

2

1.1

65 and older

White

Male

178

53

29.8

65 and older

White

Female

178

35

19.7

Stop Reasons

Total counts and rates

The Fresno Police Department makes an overwhelming majority of their officer-initiated stops for traffic violations. In 2022, Over 99% of people stopped by Fresno PD officers were stopped due to a perceived traffic violation.

Stop Results

Over-all stops by stop result out of all officer-initiated stops

Reasons for Officer-Initiated Stops by Fresno PD (2022)

Reported Stop Reason

# of Stops

% of All Stops

Traffic violation

5,023

99.27%

Reasonable suspicion

21

0.42%

Knowledge of outstanding arrest/wanted person

9

0.18%

Consensual encounter resulting in search

4

0.08%

Parole/probation/PRCS/ mandatory supervision

3

0.06%

Traffic Stops

Traffic stops by type

Fresno PD made close to 4,000 traffic stops of moving vehicles in 2022, which represented more than three-quarters of their total stops for traffic violations.

Stop reasons within equipment/non-moving traffic stops

Over 50% of the non-moving or equipment-related traffic citations issued by Fresno PD in 2022 were for vehicles with obstructed windows or improper registration.

Fresno PD Equipment and Non-moving Traffic Citations Issued (2022)

Traffic Violation

# of Times Cited

% of Total Equipment/Non-moving Traffic Violations

Obstructed window/mirrors

359

31.30%

Unregistered vehicle

292

25.46%

License plates improperly displayed

58

5.06%

Unregistered vehicle in public parking facility

57

4.97%

Improper vehicle lighting

54

4.71%

Expired registration

51

4.45%

Inadequate mufflers

40

3.49%

Improper bicycle lighting

39

3.40%

License plate not illuminated

24

2.09%

Driving without headlights

20

1.74%

Traffic stops by result of stop

Across all three types of officer-initiated traffic stops (Equipment, Moving, Non-moving), a citation for infraction is the most common stop result, while a Warning verbal or written is within the top three most common stop results across all traffic stops.

Traffic citations as stop result

Most Common Citations that resulted from an Officer-Initiated Traffic Stop

Offense Code

Offense Statute

Statute

Total

Count

Rate

54106

22350

UNSAFE SPEED:PREVAIL COND

5,843

3,022

51.7

54571

26708(A)(1)

OPR VEH:WINDOW OBSTRUCTED

5,843

414

7.1

54657

4000(A)(1)

NO REG:VEH/TRAILER/ETC

5,843

352

6.0

54107

12500(A)

DRIVE W/O LICENSE

5,843

350

6.0

54566

23123(A)

USE CELLPH W/DRIV W/O HFD

5,843

159

2.7

54655

23123.5(A)

NO HND HLD DEVICE W/DRIVE

5,843

145

2.5

54101

16028(A)

FAIL PROVE FIN RSP:PO REQ

5,843

128

2.2

Traffic stops that result in a citation for driving without a license

The Fresno Police Department only stopped 8 people in 2022 for driving without a license.

##   count
## 1     8

By Race

Use of Force

Total count/rate out of all officer-initiated stops

Out of all officer-initiated stops made by Fresno PD, 99.7% of stops were indicated as having no instance of any use of force (5,043 total stops) while 0.33% of stops were indicated in the data as having instances of use of force (17 stops).

Total count/rate by stop reason

All incidents of use of force inflicted by Fresno PD in 2022 occurred during traffic stops.

By race / gender

Field Interview (FI) Card

Total count/rate out of all officer-initiated stops

Total count/rate by stop reason

By race

Referral to US Department of Homeland Security ICE

Total count/rate out of all officer-initiated stops

Total count/rate by stop reason

By race

Stops with a search that resulted in no contraband [RDA: lower prioritiy]

Total count/rate out of all officer-initiated stops

Time spent

Time spent by stop reason

Time spent by stop result